Types of Electronic or Digital Signatures

Three signature levels—SES, AES, QES—each offering different trust and security.

There are three main types of e-signatures: SES, AES, QES.

Simple Electronic Signatures (SES)

• Typing a name, clicking “I Agree,” or inserting a signature image

• Confirms intent but does not verify identity or protect against tampering

• No special tools or integrity checks needed

Example: Approving an internal memo.

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Advanced Electronic Signatures (AES)

• Linked uniquely to the signer and includes verification methods:

  • OTP

  • Biometrics (fingerprint, face ID)

• Detects modifications (signature becomes invalid if changed)

• Requires a secure e-signing platform like emSigner

Example: Signing a vendor contract or NDA.

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Qualified Electronic Signatures (QES)

• Highest level of security and legal recognition

• Uses DSC issued by licensed Certifying Authority (e.g., eMudhra)

• Legally equivalent to handwritten signatures under many regulations

• Performs cryptographic integrity checks

Example: Filing government forms, legal contracts, regulated financial statements.

Note: SES may be valid, but AES and QES are recommended for sensitive/regulated use.